Laryngeal papillomatosis is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible method of treating the problem was surgery, over time, conservative methods of treating the disease began to appear.
causes
Papillomas in the throat appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. These formations are benign in nature. However, this does not mean that they should be ignored.
Outwardly, the growths look like cockscombs of a red or pink hue. Individual specimens rarely appear. Often there are several formations.
They are found on the tongue, right in the larynx, on the palate and vocal cords, on the tonsils, in the pharynx and trachea.
The greatest danger is papillomas in the throat, which interfere with the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. These are growths on the bronchi and trachea. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat when HPV is activated.
This happens under the following conditions:
- the presence of infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, measles;
- reduced immunity;
- polluted atmosphere in the residential area;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- vocal cord tension.
There is the concept of "juvenile papillomatosis. "They suffer from small children. With it, multiple papillomas in the throat occlude the lumen in the larynx, which disrupts the normal breathing process.
Adults with HPV in the trachea or bronchi can develop into a malignant tumor if left untreated. But even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formations will not appear again.
Papillomas in the throat: symptoms
At an early stage, the problem may not manifest itself.
But when the warts grow, symptoms are observed:
- labored breathing;
- the appearance of hoarseness, cough without reason, a feeling of heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes related to the respiratory system;
- cough accompanied by sputum or even blood;
- Lump in throat.
In children, papillomas in the throat can be manifested by symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to edema in the airways;
- the appearance of shortness of breath;
- difficulties in conducting the breathing process;
- Hoarseness;
- Injuries in child development.
How can you get infected?
Papillomavirus is transmitted through contact with an infected person.
This can be done in different ways:
- sexual way. Especially the risk of getting papilloma is great for those who lead a promiscuous sex life.
- household way. When using a towel, blanket, as well as in public areas.
- Through a kiss
- In the event of injuries or microcracks.
- self-infection;
- When passing through the birth canal (from an infected mother to a child).
Who is at risk?
HPV in the throat is common in children who have infections related to the ENT organs. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
The most common papillomatosis of the throat occurred in people in the 20-45 age group.
In the risk factor, a person who has bad habits, constantly experiences stress, leads an unhealthy lifestyle.
There are a number of indirect factors that can provoke the development of pharyngeal papillomas:
- take hormonal pills;
- live in an area with high air pollution;
- passive smoking;
- injuries in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of hereditary factors;
- emphasize.
Types of HPV in the throat
There are many classifications of papillomas located in the throat.
Here is how the disease types are classified by age:
- Congenital (i. e. infection occurred in the uterus).
- Children.
- Acquired (during sexual intercourse or in a domestic manner).
- Adults.
- recurring.
Another division is based on the degree of growth of papillomas:
- a limited option when the spread of formations occurs in a certain area in the throat;
- common form, when papillomas are scattered everywhere;
- obturator type. In this case, the growths interfere with the passage of air through the respiratory tract.
Depending on the state of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- First compensatory degree. It is characterized by slight difficulty in breathing in and out, the appearance of hoarseness.
- Second compensatory study. Shortness of breath appears, the body runs out of oxygen, a constant feeling of anxiety appears, cold sweats appear, and the skin begins to turn blue.
- Third degree, when breathing stops completely. The patient loses consciousness due to asphyxia.
Depending on the presence of oncogenic properties, a papilloma in the throat can be:
- benign;
- malignant.
Localization of papillomas
Neoplasms can be located either directly in the pharynx, on one of its parts, or on the larynx. Which of these are dangerous?
These growths that form in the throat affect the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or on the side walls. Rarely are formations found on the vocal cords. Do not confuse papillomas on the tonsils and congestion.
In the second case, pus tastes in the mouth. It is impossible to independently determine what it specifically is ⏤. You need to contact a specialist.
If this is a cork, then rinsing the problem area is enough. If it is a papilloma on the tonsil, the doctor will prescribe effective therapy. It can be conservative treatment or surgery.
Papillomas of the larynx are dangerous. These growths can interfere with the patient's speech and interfere with the breathing process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the fact that the respiratory lumen is significantly reduced, laryngeal papilloma can cause asphyxiation, lack of oxygen in the body and death.
Diagnosis of papillomas in the throat
Before starting treatment for papillomas, the doctor will prescribe a number of diagnostic measures.
Papillomatosis of the pharynx can be recognized with:
- Laryngoscopy - the examination of the problem area using a special tool laryngoscope.
- Histology - the study of papilloma tissues. Often done after a growth has been removed or after a biopsy has been taken.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to take into account all the nuances of the appearance of education.
- Electroglottography - allows you to determine the type of papillomas (benign or malignant).
- X-ray - determines how common the problem is in the throat.
Conservative treatment
Papillomas in the neck area can be treated using conservative methods. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is carried out with the help of drugs based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected areas, for these purposes they are used:
- potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- silver nitrate salts.
- Sulfuric acid.
- perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cautery procedure must be performed by a qualified person. There are a number of substances that are banned for treating children because of their high toxicity.
Another conservative method is radiation therapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. Recently, this modern method has been increasingly used to remove papillomas.
Remove tumors in the throat and with the help of radiation therapy. The main advantage of the method is the absence of damage or scars, rapid healing and the exclusion of recurrence.
The doctor prescribes drinking antiviral drugs, recommends taking immunostimulants.
Removal of papillomas in the throat
Experts believe that the only correct and effective treatment option is surgical removal of the papilloma.
The appropriate method is selected for this purpose:
- Laser;
- radio wave method;
- cryo destruction;
- laryngoscopy;
- electrocoagulation.
It is impossible to remove neoplasms yourself. There is a high probability of injury to the papilloma. This will provoke rapid degeneration of a benign tumor into a cancerous formation. Only the surgeon will successfully perform the operation.
Surgery to remove growths in children is contraindicated. This leads to a complete stop of breathing. These methods are not used in early childhood.
Treatment with folk remedies
There are a number of folk remedies that allow you to get rid of papillomas in the throat. They are based on natural herbs and plants. A simple remedy is to eat 1 large spoonful of fresh honey daily.
An infusion of bay leaves will help to cope with the problem. They are poured with boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting medicine is drunk. The duration of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. The ingredients are taken in equal parts. You need to take a spoonful of money a day. The porridge is placed on the tongue and rinsed off with water after a few seconds.
Since ancient times, people have treated papillomas in the throat by drinking a decoction made from a mixture of wild cherry, thyme, licorice, black currant, raspberry, coltsfoot and plantain. The drug is taken an hour after eating for 3 months.
You can not treat the problem with folk recipes. The sooner the patient consults a doctor, the sooner he will receive highly qualified help, which will help to avoid consequences.